更新日：2022年7月19日

 First Aid

First Aid Treatment

Help the injured with first aid treatment. Teach yourself some simple, but very useful techniques. People with serious injuries will need treatment from specialists, but the below first aid treatments should be applied while waiting to see a specialist.

When someone has lost consciousness

Secure the airway.

When someone loses consciousness due to an injury to the head or for some other reason, the back of the tongue may roll down the throat, blocking the airway to the lungs. In such situations you must facilitate a passage for air down the windpipe. This is called securing the airway.

When someone has lost consciousness but is breathing regularly.

Put the person in the position shown below:

When someone is not breathing or is not breathing comfortably.

Secure the airway by laying the person face-up, tilting their head back and by lifting their chin up.
When securing an airway, always check that the mouth is clear of obstructions and remove any foreign objects or phlegm. 

When someone is bleeding.

●Stop the bleeding

Direct Pressure Method

1．Apply pressure directly above the wound with a gauze or wide and thick handkerchief.
2．If the wrist is bleeding then raising that part of the body to a position higher than the heart and then applying pressure is effective.

Indirect Pressure Method

1. When there is hemorrhaging, due to arterial bleeding, with blood gushing out in time with the rhythm of the heart, applying the direct pressure method may not be enough to stop the bleeding. In these cases, apply pressure with your fingers to the artery at a position closer to the heart than the wound itself.

*Position of wounds and where to apply pressure
When there is facial bleeding, apply pressure in front of the ears.	When the upper arm is bleeding, apply pressure underneath the armpit.
When there is bleeding beneath the elbow, apply pressure on the inside of the elbow.	When there is bleeding from the leg, apply pressure at the top of the thigh.

When there are burns

1．Cool the area that has been burnt with clean water as quickly as possible.
2．Before removing clothes or stockings, cool that area with water. Then wrap the area with a clean blanket and take the injured person to a hospital. When more than 10% of the body has been burnt then it is considered to be a serious injury and must be treated by a doctor quickly.

When there is, or there is suspected to be, a broken bone
→ Affix a splint

1．If there is a life-threatening condition then give priority to the treatment of that.
2．When fixing a splint, fix it in the position that the injured person is in, without trying to set the bone and making sure you don't rock the body carelessly.
3．Affix the splint over a length that encompasses the joints both above and below the suspected break.
4．When the broken bone is exposed, treat the wound with clean gauze first and then affix a splint.

Hold the part with cardboard etc.

Hold the part using nearby things.

When there has been an electrocution

1．Firstly, switch off the electrical mains. Take appropriate caution - rushing in carelessly to help a victim can result in the rescuer also being electrocuted.
2．Move the injured to a safe location.
3．Check their breathing and pulse. If they have stopped breathing then cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and heart massage may be necessary.
4．It may be the case that the victim’s clothes have been burnt by the shock and there are burns that need to be dealt with in the same manner as other burns.

How to give CPR

1．Firstly, secure the airway in the correct manner. If the air passage is not clear then blowing down the airway will have no effect.
2．As the faces of babies and toddlers are small, blow with your mouth covering both their mouth and nose.
3．Blow at a pace of 12 - 15 times a minute for adults and 15 - 18 times a minute for young children and babies.
4．Make sure that the air that you blow in is entering the person's body and also being exhaled properly by looking at the rising and falling of the injured person’s chest. In cases where the stomach area expands after you have blown in, gently press this area with the palm of your hand.
5．During CPR, there is a danger that the contents of an expanded stomach may be pushed out and enter the lungs so take appropriate caution.
6．When there is neither respiration nor a pulse it will be necessary to carry out CPR and heart massaging in tandem.

1. Sit next to the person, and secure the airway in the correct fashion and pinch the nose.

2.Take a deep breath and then open your mouth widely, place it over the unconscious person’s mouth and its surrounding area. Breathe into the person’s mouth until the chest gently rises.

Artificial respiration for toddlers and babies

1．As their faces are small, you should breathe into both their mouth and nose at the same time.
2．Your breathing should cause their chest to rise gently, and should be at a fast pace, with one breath coming every three seconds.
3．Pushing the head back too forcefully may actually obstruct the airway because as the necks of babies are very flexible. Instead, as shown in the diagram, tip the chin forward and carry out artificial respiration with both hands.

Carrying the injured

	Move the injured with them having been securely fixed.
	Make a stretcher by tying t-shirts and vests together.
	Make a stretcher by tying two chairs together.

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List of emergency aid stations (73 stations)

After an earthquake, your local doctors will rush to the scene and carry out first aid treatment.

Ward	Name	Address	Telephone Number (Area code：053)
Chūō Ward	Sato Elementary School	2-32-1 Sato	461-0379
	Aioi Elementary School	3-8-1 Mukojuku	461-0830
	Oiwake Elementary School	1-9-1 Nunohashi	472-1281
	Hirosawa Elementary School	2-51-1 Hirosawa	454-8335
	Nishi Elementary School	70-1 Kamoe-cho	452-1171
	Agatai Elementary School	2-5-1 Higashiiba	452-7505
	Tomitsuka Elementary School	1803 Tomitsuka-cho	471-0203
	Hanakawa Elementary School	781 Hanakawa-cho	436-1401
	Ryuzenji Elementary School	844 Ryuzenji-cho	452-0683
	Sengen Elementary School	2-12-1 Nishiasada	441-1706
	Hamamatsu Chubu Gakuen	108-1 Matsushiro-cho	454-6406
	Higashi Elementary School	2-2-1 Chuo	452-3137
	(Former) Kita Elementary School	192 Yamashita-cho	473-2144
	Hikuma Junior High School	4-2-15 Hikuma	461-9737
	Hagioka Elementary School	5-12-1 Saiwai	471-4246
	Sanarudai Elementary School	3-31-1 Sanarudai	448-6768
	Kaisei Junior High School	1-15-20 Takaokakita	437-1421
Chūō Ward	Kaba Elementary School	5 Kodachi-cho	461-2644
	Wada Elementary School	273-2 Yakushi-cho	421-0134
	Nakanomachi Elementary School	427-1 Nakano-cho	421-0059
	Yoshin Elementary School	1351 Tenno-cho	421-1542
	Kasai Junior High School	1055 Kasai-cho	434-1079
	Sekishi Elementary School	1497-1 Sekishi-cho	434-0027
	Nakagori Junior High School	897 Nakagori-cho	433-2717
Chūō Ward	Kakuro Elementary School	3490 Kamigaya-cho	485-8508
	Irino Junior High School	17059 Irino-cho	447-1104
	Koto Junior High School	4540 Sahama-cho	431-1114
	Waji Elementary School	2005 Koto-cho	486-0107
	Shinohara Elementary School	10300 Shinohara-cho	447-2009
	Murakushi Elementary School	2551 Murakushi-cho	489-2824
	Shonai Gakuen	100 Shonai-cho	487-0063
	Maisaka Elementary School	76 Maisaka-cho Maisaka	592-0144
	Yuto Cultural Center	5427 Yuto-cho Ubumi	596-1100
Chūō Ward	Iida Elementary School	978 Iida-cho	461-3740
	Shirawaki Elementary School	431 Terawaki-cho	441-0693
	Kawawa Elementary School	333 Higashi-machi	425-0036
	Shinzu Elementary School	777 Nippashi-cho	447-0044
	Nanyo Junior High School	80 Hogawa-cho	461-2494
	Sunaoka Elementary School	2512 Shirowa-cho	441-3375
	Kami Elementary School	1748 Wakabayashi-cho	447-0043
	Minami no Hoshi Elementary School	1148-1 Nishijima-cho	425-6900
Chūō Ward	Mikatahara Elementary School	682 Mikatahara-cho	436-6200
	Toyooka Elementary School	22 Toyooka-cho	436-1107
	Miyakoda Elementary School	5609-2 Miyakoda-cho	428-2004
	Kiga Elementary School	11529-1 Hosoe-cho Kiga	523-0158
	Iinoya Elementary School	680 Inasa-cho Iinoya	542-0063
	Okuyama Elementary School	1101-1 Inasa-cho Okuyama	543-0310
	Shizutama Medical Clinic	219-5 Inasa-cho Bessho	528-5800
	Mikkabinishi Elementary School	301-1 Mikkabi-cho Mikkabi	525-0047
	Mikkabihigashi Elementary School	2266-2 Mikkabi-cho Tsuzuki	526-7034
	Mikkabi Branch Office	500-1 Mikkabi-cho Mikkabi	524-1111
Hamana Ward	Hamana Junior High School	467 Komatsu	586-2321
	Kitahama Junior High School	279-2 Nishimisono	586-3101
	Kitahama Tobu Junior High School	317 Kamizenji	586-3177
	Hamakita Hokubu Junior High School	2961 Oro	588-7241
	Aratama Junior High School	4847 Miyaguchi	589-8328
	Uchino Elementary School	1702 Uchino	586-4001
	Kitahamaminami Elementary School	3010 Terajima	586-1585
Tenryu Ward	Kuma Elementary School	2153 Kuma	929-0151
	Kamiatago Elementary School	1318 Nishifujidaira	928-0004
	Futamata Elementary School	867-1 Futamata-cho Futamata	925-4178
	Seiryu Junior High School	525 Futamata-cho Kajima	926-3741
	Komyo Elementary School	2550 Yamahigashi	925-3032
	Yokoyama Elementary School	547 Yokoyama-cho	923-0073
	Inui Elementary School	993-1 Haruno-cho Horinouchi	985-0017
	Kumakiri Jichikaikan	196-2 Haruno-cho Ishiuchi Matsushita	986-0611
	(Former) Harunokita Elementary School	242-2 Haruno-cho Sugi
	Haruno Junior High School	380-2 Haruno-cho Keta	989-0023
	Urakawa Medical Clinic, Sakuma Hospital	2915-1 Sakuma-cho Urakawa	967-3320
	Yamaka Medical Clinic, Sakuma Hospital	2421-2 Sakuma-cho Ooi	964-0100
	Shironishi Fureai Center	1528-4 Sakuma-cho Okuryoke	987-0011
	Misakubo General Gymnasium	241-3 Misakubo-cho Jitogata	982-0012
	Tatsuyama Medical Clinic	711-2 Tatsuyama-cho Tokura	969-0034

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List of relief hospitals (15 hospitals)

No.	Hospital Name	Address	Telephone Number (Area code：053)
1	Hamamatsu Rosai Hospital	25 Shogen-cho, Chūō-ku	462-1211
2	Hamamatsu University of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Hospital	1-20-1 Handayama, Chūō-ku	435-2111
3	National Hospital Organization Tenryu Hospital	4201-2 Oro, Hamana-ku	583-3111
4	Hamamatsu Medical Center	328 Tomitsuka-cho, Chūō-ku	453-7111
5	Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital	1327-1 Wago-cho, Chūō-ku	471-8331
6	Sakuma Hospital	18-5 Sakuma-cho Nakabe, Tenryu-ku	965-0054
7	Japanese Red Cross Hamamatsu Hospital	1088-1 Kobayashi, Hamana-ku	472-1151
8	Enshu General Hospital	1-1-1 Chuo, Chūō-ku	453-1111
9	Hamamatsu Kita Hospital	1568 Ose-cho, Chūō-ku	435-1111
10	Matsuda Hospital	753 Irino-cho, Chūō-ku	448-5121
11	Hamamatsu Minami Hospital	26 Shirowa-cho, Chūō-ku	443-2111
12	Juzen Kinen Hospital	1700 Komatsu, Hamana-ku	586-1115
13	Seirei Hamamatsu Hospital	2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Chūō-ku	474-2222
14	Seirei Mikatahara Hospital	3453 Mikatahara-cho, Chūō-ku	436-1251
15	Suzukake Central Hospital	120-1 Tajiri-cho, Chūō-ku	443-0111

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